C&S in CSIO - Voyage to Modron Part II: Perils Abound!

     This post details the rest of the Random Encounters the party had during the voyage from the City State to Modron, each encounter is prefaced by the hex on Campaign Map 01 where it occurred.

Hex 3522

     An hour or so later, as the Blesinde navigated through the winding channels, whirlpools and eddies between the Confluence Islands, where the Roglaroon bends north and the Hagrost  enters from the east.     

    At a cry from one of the crew, the party looked over the starboard side and saw a large dragon like creature swooping down on Captain Chiramnesind¹ as he steered the caravel through the turns between the hazards at the speed of  trotting horse.  Not having work to do maneuvering the ship, Ysolt and Mordacis loosed arrow and stone as the salt-rimed, horse head monster², reeking like dunghill, grasped futilely at the ducking helmsman.  Adenin gave a surprisingly bass roar and began hurling imprecations at it.³  The boatswain and four of the crew ran back to the ballista at the stern. 

     With a shriek like grinding glass, the beast performed an Immelmann and sped back towards the ship, higher and forward of the first pass.  Ysolt's arrows passed by the beast.  

     The ballista thrummed and the projectile slammed into the horse like head, followed by two stones from Mordacis' sling striking the beast fairly.  The monster plunged into the estuary a hundred yards to starboard.

     The oily slick where it landed was peppered by rocks and arrows and another ballista bolt to no effect before the creature flapped soddenly off in the direction it had first attacked from, pursued by a final futile arrow and sling stone.⁴

  ^{Hexes 3521 and 3522}

     Running free of the channel, they encountered Maelstrom again, who came close along side and spoke to the captain privately for over an hour before she turned and dove behind the ship as it slowly sailed against the flood tide.

Hex 3520

     The lookout shouted a warning and pointed over the port bow at two canoes angling towards the ship from the Dearthwood shore.   The orcs in the canoes were taking advantage of the flood tide to close with the caravel struggling against it.  With the ballista blocked by the ship itself, they quickly ranged one on each side of the ship and boarders began to climb.  It was all over in a flash, with half the orcs and a third of the crew dead on the deck or floating in the estuary.  The big orc with the red stripe tattooed diagonally across his face pulled the surviving pirates and the canoes back towards the Dearthwood shore.⁶ ore Adenin and Mordacis did what they could to heal the casualties as the caravel continued past the mouth of a river flowing out of the Dearthwood. 7

Hex 3517

    "Chiramnesind, Chiramnesind, I will be merciful", the orca declaimed from the water.  The whale was covered in tattoos of eldritch figures in a bilious yellow on it's black forehead,  "When the Dreamer Below wakens, apostates will suffer torment deeper than the Kraken dives!  I would spare my old companion the suffering!"

    

 

The captain removed a small stone from a pouch and chanted "Effer citatum turpi creatura, quas eiecite te quos eieci!"

     "That incantation only works on Those from Without,"  replied the cetacean , "not such as I.  The shantak will not be the last hunter.  And now you have revealed your defense, so the others will not be affected!  Your torment shall be great, as will that of your crew."  The last word was burbled as the whale subsided back below the Roglaroon.⁸

  Chiramnesind turned to the crew and shouted "Let's get to port, you swabs, first round is on me!  That blubber eater is a bigger threat to the sea birds than to us in the goddess' harbor!"  Which raised a cheer from the crew at the immanent prospect of beer vs a more distant prospect of grisly death.

    Adenin approached the captain and questioned him about the curious sigil on the stone.  He was rebuffed "If you know it not, priest, it's best you avoid it and return to your temple.  There are things older than the gods that will eat your soul for dinner."  Adenin returned to the group and sketched out teh curious sign when related the captain's warning.

^{Hex 3615}

As Blesinde made the harbor at Modron, the fin of a great shark circled the ship.  Adenin approached the captain and asked permission to try shooting it with the ballista, explaining he had been raised in Baron Jaquob's household and had been trained on the machine's operation.  "Fine, one shot, the bolts are expensive." was Chiramnesind's grudging permission.    The bolt flew far wide of the fin before it splashed in the water.  The shark followed close along until the mooring lines were passed over at the dock.  Then with a flick of it's tail it swam swiftly to the mouth of the harbor and out of sight.⁹

Previous Posts in the Series

Voyage to Modron Part I

Encounters on the Roglaroon

Meet the Party

Mordacis

Chivalry & Sorcery 1e - Shantak

     

Shantak
After Call of
Cthulhu illustration

The Shantak is a monster from Call of Cthulhu, based, of course, on the works of H. P. Lovecraft and needs to be converted. 

They were not any birds or bats known elsewhere on earth...for they were larger than elephants and had heads like a horse's. .... The Shantak-bird has scales instead of feathers and those scales are very slippery. The Dream-Quest of Unknown Kadath

      Here at least I have a an animal in C&S to start the conversion process with, since the Shantak is bigger than an elephant, I'll start with a Woolly Mammoth. The characteristics come from the Saurians book, which includes Ice Age fauna as well as dinosaurs.

Mammoth

Height/ Length	Body	WT.	Move	Armor	%Hit	%Dodge	Exp
9'/12.5'	150	10,000	60/ 180	4	+20% 5*WDF MLH(4) +10% 5*WDF  MLK(2)	0	2250

Shantak
     Height and Length - the description says bigger than an elephant, but it flies, rtaher than trimping around on the ground.  The drawing from Call of Cthulhu 1e shows a wyvern-ish shape with a long neck.  I'll leave it at 9' tall, but stretch the body to 18' and assume it has about a 40' wingspan.
     Body  CoC includes stats for elephants as well as Shantaks.  It gives an elephant 31 HP and the Shantak 32 HP, so I'll leave Body at 150.
     Weight - I'm going to thin it down since it's a flier.  Mature Dragons in C&S weigh 250lbs for every foot of length, so 4,500
     Move-  C&S give a mature dragon a movement in the open of 225 yards/2.5 minutes walking (same as a man).  CoC gives a man a movement rate of 8 yards/combat rounds"of a few seconds".  If I assume 11 combat rounds per minute in CoC [It was probably 10, but trying to make the numbers work.] I get 220 yards /2.5 minutes.    So as a Shantak moves at 6 on the ground and  30 flying in CoC, multiplying it out for C&S it has a ground movement of 165 and a flying movement of 825 yards/ 2.5 minutes.  Making it the slowest flyer in the sky.  For combat turns, divide by 3.75 to get feet per turn, triple that for maximum movement speed of 132.  Same calculations for flying speeds.
     Armor - CoC reduces damage by the armor value, C&S changes the chance to hit.  So conversion by analogy here.  An elephant in Call of Cthulhu is is unarmored, a Shantak has an AC of 9, making it bullet proof more often than not.  I'm going to keep it's AC at 9, including the damage reductions from Plate and Chain armor.
     Hit  - the Mammoth has Large Horns (tusks) and Large Hooves (kicks).  Despite being depicted with large bird like talons, the only attack CoC lists for the Shantak is a bite.  I'm going to increase the size to compensate for fewer attacks, and give the the ability to 'toss' a victim.  In CoC an elephant has an average strength of 50, while a Shantak is 34, so I'll decrease the hit bonus by 5% and Weapon Damage Factor by 1.
    Dodge - 45% slower than the next slowest flier, these are large clumsy fliers.  No dodge.
    Experience -  Shantaks are malevolent, evil intelligent beings from the outer planes.  They will fight to cause terror and flee if their robust physical defenses let them down.  So I'll set it equal to a fire breathing wyvern - 3000 xp.

Height/ Length	Body	WT.	Move	Armor	%Hit	%Dodge	Exp
9'/18'/40' wingspan	150	4,500	44/ 132 220/ 660 Fly	9	+15% 4*WDF MGB(2)	0	3000

MGB - Monster Giant Bite

Type	Weapon	Blows	WDF
MGB 9	Giant Fangs/Teeth	2	5**

	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Hit	55	55	50	45	40	35	30	25	20	15	15
Critical	45	40	40	35	30	25	25	20	20	15	15

** A hit by one of these natural weapons permits an attacker to bash or toss a victim 5-30 feet.  There is a 60% chance that a victim in AC 0-2 will be stunned and a 25% that others will be stunned.  Increase chance of stunning by 5% for each 5' short of possible distance thrown if the victim is bashed into a wall.

From Chivalry & Sorcery Combat Tables page 52

C&S in CSIO - Voyage to Modron Part I

 

Trying my hand with Google 
Canvas and a stylus

   Mordacis and Ysolt take a load of exotic woods down to the docks to deliver to Captain Chiramnesind of the caravel Blesinde.  Athelbrus, his master, has arranged passage for  them to take the wood to Modron, then cross the estuary and trade with the elves of Elfburn for lotus flowers.  Mordacis' friend Wulfgar skulks along with them and arranges for his own passage out of town.  He manages to negotiate a standard 5 sp fare from the 7 sp originally requested ¹.  Chiramnesind oversees loading the wood into a boat and tells them to meet him at the Sea Nymph  Inn on Water Rat Road at sunset to be rowed out to the ship, the ebb starts sunrise and they'll be underway before then.

     At the Sea Nymph, they are joined by Adenin, bound for a month long stint in a hermit cell outside of Limerick, near Elfburn.  Ysolt recognizes him as a fosterling of Baron Jaquob, her father's lord, and makes the introductions.   Despite his abysmal dexterity, Adenin manages to board the ship without falling in.

     The next morning the conditions are near perfect with a strong breeze from the southeast pushing them along with the tide at an average of almost knots.

     Weighing anchor is unexpectedly difficult as a giant amoeba² has hitched a ride and is drawn up with it.  As the anchor reaches the cathead, one of the crew³ attempts to knock it off with a boat hook.  The amoeba crawls along the cathead to the ship with the sailor bashing it with a boat hook (Improvised Weapon, Non-fighter.  A boat hook is a short pole with a combination blunt tip and hook.  It is used tby the wielder to fend off (push) and pull objects in the water.). When it reached the side, Ysolt and Adenin joined in with their spears.  After several rounds, Wulfgar stepped in and poached the kill by bashing it with his Heavy Club.⁴

    As the sun rose, they saw giant beaver attempting to build a dam across the river, later Wulfgar observed an immense fish (giant gar, but he only knows fish by taste) swimming just below the surface.

     Four and a half hours after departure, the ship already far down the Dearthwood Reach, a great sea dragon (Maelstrom, the guardian of the estuary) broke out of the water and roared, "Beware, beware!  I scent evil on the tide!"  Then dove and swam swiftly ahead of the ship.  Captain Chiramnesind ordered pikes and cutlasses to be brought up and placed in racks around the railing.  Ysolt and Adenin put on their armor, Wulfgar rummaged in his bag and brought out a slightly dented Watch helmet, saying "Good thing I picked this up after that last dust up."

Leaving it here, as I have another monster to convert.  The amoeba, beaver, gar and sea dragon were all random encounters; which I do not assume are automatically combat.  The beaver and gar were simply seen and not interacted with.  Maelstrom came up ALOT randomly, she'll feature prominently in Part II.  I'm using ACKS random encounter frequency, which is check once per hex entered and a 50% chance on water.  Since they are making a sustained 8.4 knots (topping out at 14.5 knots) I made a lot of checks for a 12.5 hour voyage.

Previous Posts

Meet the Party

Mordacis

Encounters on the Roglaroon

Chivalry & Sorcery 1e - Giant Amoeba

Phagocytosis

The Giant Amoeba is a Warhammer FRP monster and needs to be converted.  I consulted the C&S Sourcebook which has guidelines for conversion and creation of monsters.  It actually calls out giant amoebas as possible but gives no stats.  The conversion guidelines turned out to be not  much more than, start with something similar (which doesn't exist in C&S) and it should follow real word physics.  OK I can deal with that.

The following is for a giant amoeba which would form a two foot (61 cm) diameter sphere.  Spread out it would be about six inches  (15 cm) thick and four feet (122 cm) in diameter radius, obviously it can reshape it's body considerably.

Giant Amoeba
A large single celled organism that scavenges dungeons and waterways.   Some amoeba have an Armor of 1 or 2 from chitin nodules embedded in their bodies, but most are AC 0.

Amoebas only Combat Maneuvers are Close and Retreat.  They will only retreat from fire the size of a torch or greater that has been applied for a minimum of three rounds.

Amoebas take no damage from Missile weapons.  Melee weapons do damage only on a critical hit.  Edged weapons do half damage, and thrusting weapons do one quarter damage in those cases.  No roll on the critical hit table is required, the only critical location is the nucleus. 

Body	WT.	Move	Armor	%Hit	%Dodge	Exp
50	300	10/20	Varies	nil	nil	50

Attack Mode and Special Considerations 

1*WDF MMP. 
Giant amoebas attack prey by encircling them in pseudopods and dissolving them using a process known as phagocytosis.  The creature takes damage every round until freed.

MMP - Monster Medium Pseudopod

Type	Weapon	Blows	WDF
MMP 2	Pseudopods	2	2

	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Hit	40	30	30	30	30	30	30	25	25	25	15
Critical	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--

Pseudopods do not score criticals, but all damage from phagocytosis is scored against the Body.  Opponents automatically take damage every melee turn after a successful attack until freed from the encircling pseudopod.  Attempting to free oneself or another character expends one blow and requires rolling under the character strength on a d20. 

Phagocytosis - involves secretion of chemicals that dissolve bonds in proteins, basically digestive acid attack.

Edited to improve table formatting.

Bending the Curve - Adding a Long Tail to Your Random Rolls

The Logic of Chance, 3rd edition by John Venn

   The classic 2d6 and 3d6 die roll conventions provide a normal or Gaussian distribution, commonly referred to as a Bell Curve.  This is great when we are looking to simulate an evenly distributed range of scores, such as the classic six characteristics, but what about when we would like to randomly determine an NPC level?  That presents a use where the the bulk of the results should be towards the lower bound, while the upper bound is potentially indeterminate, in other words an asymmetrical curve.

     One of the classic asymmetrical curves is the Pareto Curve, which has been popularized as the 80-20 rule, where in management 80% of your problems are caused by 20% of your people; or 20% of your people do 80% of the work.  Helpdesk ticket closure times are another good example, where the bulk of the them are closed in a fairly short range of time, but others, especially those requiring equipment replacement, extend the overall time range far to the right.  Back when I was at GE Fleet Services, I would check the 3rd quantile, or the mark at which the technician had closed 75% of their tickets, rather than their average time to close.

     Looking at a 2d6 distribution we find, 97.22% probability that you roll less than a 12; 91.66% less than an 11;  83.53% less than a 10 and 72.42% less than a 9.  We can create a reasonable long tail distribution very simply.   Whenever an 11 or 12 is rolled, roll another d6 and add it to 10, producing a 2-16 distribution.

 

     3d6 distributions give me the opportunity to illustrate that you don't need to stay with the same size die when creating a long tail.   You have a 83.8% chance of rolling less than a 14 on 3d6.   So to create the long tail, I would roll another die whenever the 3d6 is 15 or more and add it to 14.   If I use a d6, it only gives a 3-20 distribution, not much of an increase over 3-18.  By using a d10 instead, I create a 3-24 distribution range, producing a significant tail at the high end.

     I used anydice to look at the probabilities.  Their calculator will allow you to see the percentages for any combination of dice.  

     I haven't come up with as simple a way to do a long left hand tail, but I don't have a use case either.  If I get one I'll probably just flip the scale at the bottom and read from right to left.

     As I said, the use case I identified is random NPC levels, I'd be interested in hearing of any other use cases you might come up with.

CSIO - Random Encounters Sailing the Roglaroon

    Adding to the area specific Random Encounter tables I developed last year, I've updated by Cross System Source Table to read.

d20	Game System		d20	Other System
01-10	AD&D		01-10	Empire of the Petal Throne
11-15	ACKS		11-12	Call of Cthulhu
16	Gamma World		13-14	Dreamlands
17	Metamorphosis Alpha		15	Space 1889
18	(1-3) Runequest (4-6) Warhammer FRP		16	(1-3) Barsoom (4-6) Dark Eye
19-20	Other		17	Traveller
			18	Carcosa
			19-20	Infernum

    This time I'm going to use the technique from ACKS by dividing the encounters up types, in this case movement type.  Swimmers, any creature that can survive an indefinite period in the water; Flyers and Vessels, any object propelled across or under the surface of the water - these range from orcs using a log to swim across the river, to sailing ships to the Apparatus of Kwalish.  Swimmers will be 40% of the encounters, Flyers 10% and Vessels 50%.  (OK, I started here, but ended up adjusting it to take into account ocean creatures swimming further up the estuary, and the Death Tree, which tosses exploding cherries at you, couldn't resist invoking the Rule of Cool.) Any Swimmer that can dive under the water has the choice to avoid the encounter completely, so while 90% of the creatures in the estuary are Swimmers, many of them won't be seen.

  There are three encounter areas on the Roglaroon.
    Mermist Tail (Hexes 2623, 2624,2625, 2726)  From the City State to bend west of Caravan Crossing, this area dominated by the inflow of the Conqueror River and the waters leaching out of the Mermist Swamp.  The estuary changes width rapidly along this stretch. Saltwater species are rarely encountered in this area.

  Dearthwood Reach (Hexes 2825, 2925, 3024, 3124, 3223, 3323, 3422,3522)  The long straight stretch between the bend and the River Hagrost.  The water becomes increasingly saline towards the Hagrost end.  Saltwater species frequently are encountered in this area.

  Roglaroon Proper, aka The Gullet (Hexes 3522, 3521, 3520, 3519, 3518, 3517, 3516, 3615, 3614, 3613, 3713, 3712)  From the River Hagrost to the Mouth, the estuary is a body of salt water inhabited by ocean creatures.

Aquatic Creatures mentioned in The Guide to the City State of the Invincible Overlord, Booklet I, Installment J and Modron.
   Gods:
     Ran the Cruel, Goddess of Death CSIO p55
     Sea Goddess (Unnamed, so I assume Modron), CSIO p14
     Manannan - CSIO p33
     Modron, Goddess of Rivers, Modron p5

Monsters:
    Maelstrom, Giant Sea Snake works for the City State, Modron p 6
    Giant Octopus, CSIO p33
    Giant Leech, CSIO p28
    Giant Shark, Modron p26

Sophonts
    Kopoacinths, CSIO p 10
    Aquatic Elves, CSIO p17
    Mermen, CSIO p28, p36, p38
    Tritons, CSIO p28
    Sea Hag, CSIO  p38, Modron p5
    Sahuagin,  Modron p26

d20	Mermist Tail	Dearthwood Reach	Roglaroon Proper
01	AD&D Shedu	AD&D Kopoacinth	ACKS Sahuagin
02	AD&D Man, Merchant	ACKS NPC Party	AD&D Whale, Small
03	AD&D Man, Merchant	AD&D Man, Merchant	AD&D Man, Merchant
04	AD&D Man, Merchant	Gamma World Keeshin	AD&D Elasmosaurus
05	AD&D Gar, Giant	Runequest Fishermen	AD&D Man, Merchant
06	AD&D Sea Hag	AD&D Man, Merchant	AD&D Man, Pirate  (Orcs in small craft)
07	Warhammer Amoeba	Roglaroon Proper	AD&D Man, Merchant
08	AD&D Owl, Giant	Roglaroon Proper	Gamma World Menarl
09	AD&D Beaver, Giant	AD&D Man, Pirate	AD&D Triton
10	AD&D Man, Buccaneer	AD&D Otter, Giant	ACKS Pegasus
11	AD&D Nixie	AD&D Man, Warship	Dark Eye Krakenewt
12	AD&D Man, Buccaneer	ACKS Lizard Man	AD&D Octopus, Giant
13	ACKS Thief	ACKS Roc, Small	AD&D Man, Merchant
14	Warhammer Chameoleech*	AD&D Hippopotomus	AD&D Man, Buccaneer
15	Roglaroon Proper	Roglaroon Proper	Call of Cthulhu Shantak
16	AD&D Kaolinth	AD&D Man, Merchant	AD&D Shark, Giant
17	AD&D Man, Warship	Roglaroon Proper	AD&D Crocodile, Giant
18	AD&D Gar, Giant	Call of Cthulhu  Nightguants	AD&D Elf, Aquatic
19	Empire of the Petal Throne  Qu'uni	Metamorphosis Alpha Death Tree	ACKS Sea Dragon ("Maelstrom")
20	Infernum Malcubi	AD&D Merman	AD&D Man, Warship

Flyers are italicized

Roglaroon Proper - re-roll on that column for the encounter

* The Chameoleech is best described as a cross between a Giant Leech and a Mimic.

Mostly this is as I rolled it using the appropriate random tables.  Had to make some adjustments to bring the flyers in at the right numbers on the Mermist Tail, added in the Aquatic Elves, Sahuagin and Sea Hag from the canon, and I took the AD&D entry "Man, Pirate (Tribesmen with small craft)" and decided that that would represent Orcs of the Purple Claw.

CSIO - Troubles with the Roglaroon

Estuary of Roglaroon

     I have issues with the Estuary of Roglaroon, geologic and economic issues with it.

     Geographically, the estuary describes a shallow U, short on the left side where it bends through the edge of Dearthwood  past the Mermist Swamp, longer and more angled on the right from River Hagrost to the mouth.  In between, despite some jagged edges, it's an almost straight line, no bends or meanders for some forty miles at the original 5 mile hex scale, 120 miles at the 15 mile hex scale I have seen some substitute.  And it's incredibly uniform in width during that stretch, maybe 2 miles across at the start and three miles at the very end.
     What could cut such a uniform channel?  Normal stream erosion wanders as the water flows through soil and rock of varying hardness, producing a typically serpentine shape of a river.  The landscape also produces significant changes in the river's width, passing through softer, more erosion prone soils to produce riverine lakes, like Lake Pepin on the Mississippi.   Glaciers cut narrow channels when they encounter hard rock, producing fjords, but the banks of the Roglaroon aren't mountainous.  I'm left with considering a glacial outburst flood as the agent to carve the channel.  If we examine the area bounded by Ered Losthian, the Cloudwall Mountains, Quean's Waste and Ered Cantreff in the south and the Howling Hills and the hills of Dearthwood in the north; we can posit a small glacial lake of over 7,000 square miles in extent, with a moraine dam stretching between the hills just east of Caravan Crossing.  Canonically, Wilderlands is a post-Ice Age world, this gives a plausible reasoning for the strange geography of the estuary.
     Related, how far up stream does the saline effect the water?  I would argue that based on the geography, the waters of the Roglaroon are basically salt water all the way up to the Hagrost, with water of diminishing brackishness from there to the City State.  Fortunately for the City State, it gets it's drinking water from an aqueduct out of Oracle Lake, which Groaning Falls protects from contamination by storm surge.

          Moving to economics, I've been having trouble imagining how ships get 140 miles up the estuary  to the City State, it appears so narrow in scale that I didn't think sailing ships would have room to tack across the channel.  However, digging into the detailed information in the Chivalry and Sorcery supplement Bireme and Galley,* yes, caravels at least are nimble enough to tack back and forth across the current and are approximately the size of the ships shown on the reprints of the City State maps.
     This of course led me to crunch numbers to determine how long it would take a ship to sail from the City State to Modron.   There's a lot of factors involved, more with sailing ships than I had worry about driving steam ships.  Sometimes the current fights you, sometimes it accelerates you and of course a tidal current is never constant.   Sometimes the flood is so strong that you have to anchor for a few hours or be carried backwards.  In general, your velocity made good on course (VMC), and hence distance traveled, is the cosine of the angle between the course you are steering and the tack you are on, times your true speed over ground.   Because I need to take the relationships between tide, wind and heading into account, I can run it in a spreadsheet (or write code functions if I feel like it), but haven't been able to reduce it to a simple formula yet.
  So, assuming the maximum tidal current in the Roglaroon is 5 knots; the ship departs the City State at the last of the flood tide; and the ship's true speed over ground equals nominal speed from Bireme and Galley based on the wind strength.
  The fastest time is a mere 9 hours in a Strong Northwest Wind.
  The slowest time is 60.5 hours in a Light Northeast Breeze.

Breakdown:
   Five knot tidal current.  The Thames in London runs 4-6 knots.
   Departing on the last of the flood tide, just before slack water means the ship will ride it's anchor cable to face downstream, reducing any maneuvering to leave port.
   Nominal speeds based on wind strength from Bireme & Galley for a Caravel
            Light - 3.5 knots
            Strong Wind - 9.5 knots

 Bireme and Galley doesn't list actual wind speeds, so my estimation of their definition are based on the Beaufort scale.

Light Breeze    Beaufort Scale 2-3      4-10 knots
Good Breeze    Beaufort Scale 4         11-16 knots

Good Wind       Beaufort Scale 5         17-21 knots

Strong Wind     Beaufort Scale 6         22-27 knots

Average Voyage - Overall 27.1 hours

Average Voyage - Light Breeze   38.8 hours

Average Voyage - Strong Wind   15.3 hours

Predicted Voyage - Light Breeze at true speed over ground  28.5 hours 

Predicted Voyage - Strong Wind at true speed over ground  10.5 hours

* Looks like the pictrues have disappeared from the Bireme and Galley post